 Keywords: Gorky, humanism, the composition, the literature, At the bottom, Luka, the person, the Person in Gork creativity, the composition on Gorky, humanism in A.M.Gork's play "At the bottom"THE THEME OF HUMANISM IN CREATIVITY A.M. GORKY. (BY THE EXAMPLE OF ONE PRODUCT).the Fine post - to be on the ground the person. On April, 15, 1912 in Paris Gorky read the product " the Birth of the person ", and the hall suited to the writer triumph. All students were excited with a question: " For what life the new inhabitant of the ground Russian, the person of unknown destiny was born among burning, despair, starvations ". Gorky human ideas and destinies, hopes and despair excited, pleasures and afflictions. Gorky interested and excited life of all layers of Russian society. Trying it is better to understand life of the Russian person on boundary XIX-of XX centuries, he makes two circulations across Russia. Gorky has learned a life of tramps, jobless, heavy work of workers and gloomy poverty which with the even greater force has opened before the future writer of the contradiction of life. He understands, that more so to live it is impossible, that changes are necessary for a society. The creative line of the writer is determined with words: " the Person is superb! It sounds... It is proud! ". They began his vital credoes. To one of Gork the most well-known products began the play "At the bottom". In it contradictions of Russian life before the first Russian revolution were reflected. Representing "bottom" the author has shown all Russian society. All inhabitants of a doss house aspire to escape on will from "bottom" of life, but cannot make it. A symbol evidently showing their existence, the prison song is: the Sun ascends and comes, Heroes of the play feel full powerlessness before locks of this prison that gives rise in them to sensation of a hopelessness. Vasyok Pepel steals, the Actor becomes an inveterate drunkard, the Tick tries to achieve the truth only for itself. The philosophical problematics was reflected in disputes of heroes on the person which hoist a problem of humanism. But all of them: the Tick, Nastja, Natasha, Bubnov, Baron - " philosophers necessarily ". The maintenance of the play "At the bottom" determined revolt in souls of people which spiritually die. The author has shown processes of ideological self-determination of people, processes of painful reassessment of all cultural wealth. The wanderer of Luka appearing in the play, has managed to light in heart of each of lodgers a spark of illusive hope. Luka to all is tender and kind. All words which proceed from his lips, - words of a consolation. Luka speaks all: " you - hope! You - trust! ". To ashes he tells about good life which he (that) can conduct in Siberia. To the actor of Luka reports about wonderful clinic in which free-of-charge treat for an alcoholizm. In the dying Anna after conversation with Lukoj the desire to live amplifies. Luka is very clever. He well understands not only errors, but also light prospects of a sort human: " People? They - will find!... They will think up! To help only it is necessary to them... To respect it is necessary... ". His philosophy consists in words: " In what you believe, and is ". The problem of the person, a problem of humanism is connected to image of Luka in product. But in the play the truth of Sateen is opposed compassionate humanism and saving lie of Luka severe, but. Sateen calls to open eyes on vital contradictions and problems. His correctness confirms both Anna's death, and the reference of Ashes to Siberia, both suicide of the Actor, and mysterious disappearance of Luka which testifies to his defeat, about defeat of his humanism. The author puts many words in lips of Sateen. " All in the person, all for the person! There is only a person, nevertheless the rest - business of his hands and a brain!... ". It speaks about a volume, that in Sateen Gorky sees a part of. Gorky sincerely trusts in the Person, in noble qualities of his soul, in happiness. Not without reason he has told: " the Excellent post - to be on the ground the person ". But is not present and there can not be a happiness while the person is not free while injustice dominates continually. The person should have happiness and freedom therefore already, that he the Person. In it is Gork humanism. To discuss a material at a forum of a site Keywords: Gorky, the composition under the literature, A.M.Gork "At the bottom", Maxim Gorky, Alexey Maksimovich Gorky, a theme of humanism at Gorky, humanism in the play "At the bottom" Main | Abstracts, compositions, lectures | Psychiatry | Links
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