 Keywords: Krasnolipje, inhabitants, village, mail expediting section, Polyanskaya, a grammar school ¹ 10, a history, Voronezh, a history of the Voronezh edge, ethnic mail expediting section, the Native land, Russian villagethe Author: Poljanskaja T.V.SKETCHES FROM LIFE OF PEOPLE OF VILLAGE KRASNOLIPEthe Purpose:To study the facts from life, a life and family attitudes of inhabitants of village Krasnolipje, to promote preserving of traditions of national culture for moral perfection of a society. Commitments:
In the name of any imaginary true In the summer of 2001 we, learning grammar schools ¹10 under Stefanenko T.V.'s management and directors of a grammar school of Smetankina L.I., have visited village Krasnolipje of area Repyovskogo of the Voronezh area. The basis of village Krasnolipje concerns to the end of 19 centuries (1680-1690). The first poselentsami were natives of village Arkhangelsk (Golynyovka). Founders liked a place on which they were constructed. The lowland referred to as the Red Broad gully, that is a beautiful broad gully. And village in olden time called Red. In a broad gully fragrant lindens grew. It has generated the second title which, since the last century, was fixed finally - Krasnolipje. This village is known the kept folklore and ethnographic traditions. The folklore collective has noted the fiftieth anniversary, and we managed to visit on this holiday. Participants of ensemble remember not only ancient songs of village, but also a ceremony of wedding, a sign, the legend. In village the museum of a country life where inhabitants till now bring wooden mortars, crests, clay pots and other subjects is created. That it is better to study a history of village, and, the main thing to visit families and to talk to people, one day was a little, therefore we some days lived in hospitable family Smetankinyh. We have felt all charm of this hospitality in the first day, having overeaten rich rural shchej and fritters with sour cream. In conversations for we expect have learned, that the head of the family - Ivan Stefanovich (1932) - the aboriginal of village Krasnolipje, his grandfather has arrived from Baltic and has lodged with the family. Rose Mitrofanovna - the mistress of a house, wife Ivan Stefanovicha, has got in Krasnolipje on allocating, having received a trade film-mechanics. They not for a long time were friends of the husband, and as have met, then have got married. I do not know, whether there is a love at first sight, they only live in the consent many years and respond about each other warmly, though sometimes and ironically. In spite of the fact that Ivan Stefanovicha's formation " three classes and one corridor ", he the good expert in the business: all life has worked the driver and thoroughly knows the mechanism of any vehicle. In this family some traditions too are stored and observed. For example, under Christmas " zhgli purinu " - fires. The burning torch symbolized the Christmas star. Young gathered and went on court yard, asked money, products that will give, and by the evening gathered at school, planted the big fire and for a long time feasted. In village always neighbours come to each other if something urgently was required - salt, the flour, but for large church holidays Rose Mitrofanovna gave nothing to anybody - such tradition. Till 1974 in January - February when cut a pig, collected all neighbours for the big dinner, but later this tradition left, and to a dinner began to invite only relatives. Then we managed to visit many other families, and we were surprised as far as they different on railroad train, a way of life, destinies of people but as far as are similar that atmosphere of friendship, fidelity and mutual understanding which we felt where came. It would be desirable to tell more in detail about these families and about people to which we talked: Maria Vasiljevna Krjukova.Maria Vasiljevna is known in village as the expert on ancient needleworks, fairy tales, ceremonies, its hobby - Russian olden time. And still we heard, that Maria Vasiljevna likes and able to tell fascinatingly. Therefore we hoped to learn from it a lot of interesting village about a history, life of people in it, about national suits, and the main thing, about its life. Our hopes were justified. Maria Vasiljevna has hospitably met us, has invited in the house where it was very cosy, whether that rooms small and close, whether because of embroidered coverlets, towels, pillowcases, and can be, because of kindliness and hospitality of the mistress. Maria Vasiljevna has told, that at it " mothers were not, father with the stepmother brought up, then the teacher has taken a nurse, later father took away to work - canvases to weave ". About the hard life Maria Vasiljevna told measuredly, quietly, sentenced "golubushka", "daughter", and once even has made laugh us a saying: " Eyebrowes black, as soot, itself red, zaraza ". Maria Vasiljevna stores traditions of an embroidery since ancient times, some secrets to it were transferred by the sister-in-law of the Field. Maria Vasiljevna has on the move told about it a fairy tale - byl: Fields embroidered since the childhood. " It, detka, you, it, golubushka, ", - mother spoke you the Field, inspiring it for work. And now the small information for clearness: earlier barenjami named those who had the biggest site and workers. Barenja went on bal under invitations the family. To this "balu" workers "cleaned" brides, that they were especial (so grooms) wanted- Workers who to embroider is able? - have asked arrived - Durnenkie, - has suddenly specified on the Field barynja and has called up to itself - Barynja, caused? - has asked Fields, having become puzzled - To embroider you are able? - Yes, - has silently answered Fields After that case of the Field became known in all district the skilled worker and the needlewoman. It has lived 90 years, has died 7 years ago (1906 - 1994). Of "riches" Maria Vasiljevna and Fields embroidered much together. All suits accurately stacked, that were not rumpled. Maria Vasiljevna concerns to the work carefully, loves the order, neatness: " we from collective (chorus) have torn off One, it vodka a saw and if obrjadim it it is not considered, that is the form ". In chorus Maria Vasiljevna sings from time immemorial, from the very beginning of his creation (" there was 8 person, and started 50 "). It not only sang, but also played plays. Before war worked in a recreation center as the cleaner, within the Second World War was traktoristkoj. When Maria Vasiljevna not without pride showed us the suits embroidered with rare patterns, its husband has gone to a room and has told: " At our uncle to the goods about all women sufficing ". And it is valid, Maria Vasiljevna quite often "shared" the orders with girlfriends from chorus, especially frequently asked a beads and ear rings (" a gun without execution ", "guns - rattles"). Each new suit was given by the big work. " Earlier kaptunok zatkesh, can you will cover and you are picked ". But as it was pleasant to talk to Maria Vasiljevnoj, and to leave all the same it was necessary. At parting we have asked it to be photographed. It "obrjadilas" duly, has rouged and, looking at itself in a mirror, has joked: " Old you, akamelok where you climb ". Vyjdja in a court yard, we have noticed two trailing on a fence clay a pot. In a facilities of them any more do not use, as a lot of other utensils, therefore now it only a tribute to olden time. Very much it would not be desirable to leave, and we have decided, that when we shall arrive to second time, by all means again we shall go to Maria Vasiljevne. But it to make it was not possible, that day it in the house had " all family in gathering ", especially Maria Vasiljevna was afraid to annoy the daughter - in-law, and the husband was unwell. It very for a long time apologized and spoke, that it not in its authority. But in spite of the fact that it sometimes "offend", without it the family would be scattered, it - hranitelnitsa the family center and that link without which there can not be a consent. It is able to please everything, not changing herself. Can be, its this feature of character and is original beauty and breadth of Russian soul.
Tatyana Ivanovna Aralova.On a visit to Tatyana Ivanovne we have got, when have arrived in Krasnolipje to second time. In the summer we have not found its house as it was time a haymaking, and now, in the autumn, at inhabitants it is a lot of work. At all an impassable dirty: galoshes put on - only and everything, it we, city, have not got used also all time complained of weather. In village weather - not an obstacle to work. And then we have found husband Tatyana Ivanovny, Egor Ivanovicha (1933 of a birth), behind work, he cleared a beet. Having seen us, was delighted, has quickened and carried out in the house, as expensive visitors. In some minutes of dialogue with it we have been struck with his wit and erudition, he even quoted CHehova, and on the wife played a trick in a kind way, ljubovno. At once it was visible, that in family lad: and in the house cosy, cleanly, and in a facilities the order. Only this well-being too was given by the hard price. In Tatyana Ivanovny and Egor Ivanovicha's sort rich was not, parents have moved from farms Prilushnoe and Limannoe in searches of the best life, all life worked. And children have kept abreast from them. Tatyana Ivanovna has ended 7 classes (" then seldom who finished "), for a month has mastered work of the accountant and is direct after school was arranged to work in Advice, and has paid off already in 1992, having worked 41 year. With the future husband has got acquainted at school, he then has noticed it and more " did not release from eyes ", friends about 6 classes. Tatyana Ivanovna has come to family of the ninth. And the house was small, only one room how all found room? With 5 sisters-in-law and the mother-in-law has lived side by side 4 years while waited for the husband from army. Despite of all inconveniences and narrowness, lived amicably. Domestic laughed that it of small growth, say, in work will be weak, but Egor Ivanovich answered: " I for it shall work ". He worked as the foreman of tractor group, at the heads was in good repute, therefore it sent in business trips on different exhibitions to Voronezh, to Moscow, and once even to Egypt. Always Egor Ivanovich brought many gifts, indulged the wife.
It is possible to think of my descriptions, that about any family idilii we speak. It is incorrect, there were both skirmishes, and quarrels as in any family, only on the first place always there was a love, mutual understanding and support. Tatyana Ivanovna - the participant of chorus, Egor Ivanovich too sings. Musical talents in family have deep roots. Uncle Tatyana Ivanovny during war was ill a belly typhus, therefore on front of it have not taken, and he did a violin, a balalaika, sang songs. The husband supported Tatyana Ivanovnu in its hobby for singing. " Do not take away a hobby ", - he spoke. Tatyana Ivanovna was confused, that the notebook with songs was lost, but favourite titles are remembered by heart: "Belzajushka", " Donja - razdunjasha ", " I Shall leave, I shall leave, you are young ", " That, the soldier, vigorously go ". All songs which are performed by participants of ensemble, very substantial. In them the human destiny is traced, at times there passes all life. One songs lyrical, lingering, about burdens of life, nevzgodah, others fervent, cheerful when they are performed it seems, as any are not present troubles, and to live easily. Tatyana Ivanovna composes verses, alters known and favourite songs. At concerts declares numbers. Knows chastooshkas, and the most favourite much: " me Mordasova to sing has forced, Tatyana Ivanovna is proud of that once at a concert sat next Maria Mordasovoj. A poem devoted to a women's day on March, 8, we have written down on the tape recorder. It was surprising to see in already enough elderly person such fear mechanics, it all has strained, a voice zadrozhal and when it has firstly got off whisper has asked us "it" to switch off. But record has heard with satisfaction, even with any latent pride, yes in fact and to eat than be proud! To be photographed has agreed with pleasure, the husband has called (he has had time to leave to the neighbour in a chess to play), for a long time smartened up, at what Egor Ivanovich again bantered, has then set the husband on a chair, and itself became a number (probably that in a picture not so the difference in growth was appreciable). And during this moment it became completely clear, that their lives cannot be divided, as it is impossible to tear a photo, not having spoiled it. They - components of uniform, strong Russian family. Together, as they say, " both in mountain, and in pleasure ", and in work, all life a hand about a hand, 3 children have brought up, grandsons already 5, and the love does not grow old, lives and gets stronger, and anybody now cannot challenge, that there is in the world a present love and fidelity.
Surovtsev Anastasija Jakovlevna.We intended to go on a visit to Surovtsevoj Anastasies - the participant of chorus as we have then learned, grand daughters called it " the young big grandmother ", and appeared at Surovtsevoj Anastasies, only at the old small grandmother. It appears old Anastasy - the sister of the husband "younger" Anastasies. We have asked, why it is younger to Surovtsev in village call Zubkinoj, and appeared, that its great-grandmother " braniva was ", from here and a nickname - "Zubkina" (swore as bit). This nickname was from generation to generation transferred all members of family. By the way, in village at many a nickname, for example, the woman who to us has sold a suit, klichut Kyska. We have sat down near to grandmother Anastasiej on skameechku and have brought up. utjata, gusjata, chickens around ran ("piskljata" as it named them), in the aggregate, completely rural picture, besides, us razmorilo on the sun, and we were glad to this stop and conversation with the new person. Anastasy Jakovlevna a vein with mother. " Mum one, I as though for the father. Both mowed, and ploughed on horses, and sheaves knitted. In marriage did not leave, the mood was not, grooms were and asked in marriage, and I thought, that it will be difficult for mum ". About the brother and his wife it responds warmly, with love: " they have not thrown me, helped ". " They though and bronjutsja, but sjadno going ". We did not interrupt the story Anastasii Jakovlevny because everything, that it spoke, was valuable and it is important. " In village the church was, such church even in Repjevke was not ". It has ordered to break after war. All village on kirpichiku assorted, people cried, but do could nothing. Chairman before death has told: " to me to answer before the God for two affairs: church has broken, and another I shall tell to nobody ". And has died. It called Hooks Vasily Jakovlevich. " All loved it. Gas kaby not he, nobody has lead ". And church to it have forgiven (though, as they say, the God will forgive), and now in village already the base of new church have put in pawn. All life is updated, a lot of young, inhabitants of different streets any more always know each other, many young families. After such heart-felt conversation with Anastasiej JAkovlevnoj at us the mood has improved, even the sun became not such destructive. At wise keepers of olden time and traditions it is necessary to adopt and study in friendship, love in family, vzaimouvazheniju. Cóøêîâà Marfa Afanasjevna.(Yeliseyev - a maiden name). We very much would like to talk to one of the most elderly inhabitants Krasnolipja because for long life there are many events, it is necessary to eat what to tell. The small house at it was very shabby, he is much more senior Marfy Afanasjevny, and it was born in 1913, all life has lived in Krasnolipje. One of its brightest children's memoirs tsar "Mykolka" (as it named it) because " it is hefly at it money card such good " was were good. Still he was remembered by the dreadfulness to it, the fear directed, but all respected it, it till now is perplexed, for what have killed tsar. This fear, probably, has arisen because, that times were difficult, about podati then was strict - 30 plyotok for non-payment, and to hand over it is necessary 3 roubles one year: " For a year have typed three roubles, have hidden - in a coverlet zaphnuli - and in a chest have put, and have then overlooked, where money disappeared. Also it is not guilty, and how you will prove? ".
In days of the childhood and youth Marfy Afanasjevny people were illiterate. So, father Marfy Afanasjevny from letters only "o" knew one, because it - as the spinner, and from figures - "8", because as a pretzel. All family Marfy Afanasjevny was devout, church ceremonies, posts were strictly observed. On holidays songs "did not shout" - a sin. On Ivan Kupalu went to a wood of a grass to collect. And before going read a special pray: Avraam Jesus Christ rasseval ploughed For the Trinity in a wood only one girls went - without guys, " bojazkie were ". Marfa Afanasjevna even koljadovat was afraid. It all life waited for something, cried, was afraid. To work it was necessary much, it and distracted from mournful ideas and thoughts. Life Marfy Afanasjevny developed difficultly: " there Were us five, and to me was eight years when mother has died; sisters Mashka, Polka, Akulka and Milka too have died. Batju have taken away with a horse and a cart, the horse good was, and has returned on hvorenkoj. Conducted with batej a facilities - held the cow, ovets, bread raised - and all have taken away. Money is not present, famine where to disappear? Also the groom is attacked to me, I opposite was, batja old, and the muzhik has got to me good, though and without a sort, without a tribe, poor. Wedding played poorly - there was nobody to call. At departure from church the right shaft - a sign bad has broken. When batja pomer, have decided to move in collective farm. Mytroha (husband) trahtaristom was - the good worker, the premium received. In 37-th year I Attract have given birth. We have lived 9 years, and war began, since then and did not see. I lived one, children herself left, then and grandsons nursed. To grandsons frequently told fairy tales. It were histories from life: about familiar people, can also relatives. It has told one of such "fairy tales" also to us. Only before has warned: I "shall Cry". At the father was three sons. Father has got an apiary, separately veins from children. And once one of sons speaks: " Bad dream about the father saw ". Children time have gathered and have gone to the father. Light burns - the father thieves "derut". One son in a bell has rung out, here it and have killed, another - too. While "kobashkalis" with the second, the third son (boy) on a ceiling has let out dogs. Dogs of thieves zagryzli, and here and the help has approached. Gangsters on their vehicle "poklali" also have sent (a horse always in the house comes back). About all it Marfa Afanasjevna told silently and quietly, but eyes of it spoke much more expressively. They at it light, as though vyplakannye and constantly damp. Hands coarsened from the work, obedient, heavy and tired. It has burst out laughing only once when told to us as prjali a yarn because we, nothing understanding in this business, set silly questions, as has caused a kind smile. It is no wonder, that after conversation with Marfoj Afanasjevnoj there was a burdensome impression, sensation of that we have anew forced it to recollect former sufferings. But before leaving Marfa Afanasjevna of all of us has treated with sweets, and we have presented it the gifts and have brought waters from a column, than very much it have pleased (it was hard for it already itself water to drag). And we have calmed down, that could be though something are useful. the ConclusionA basis of mutual relation in families is reverence of grown-ups, obedience, mutual aid of all relatives, respect and love between spouses. These qualities make the moral side of life of people. In villages and villages the population lived a uniform community that helped to conduct a facilities, to organize a life, to transfer traditions in oral and applied creativity. Life experience of people, skill in common to overcome all burdens of life, to be pleased to good luck is and there is that necessary and missing link which should be filled. It is impossible to deny the recent past of our people, it conducts to destruction of traditional culture. It is necessary to study and apply the best traditions of our ancestors to modern life. Appendices:1. Supervisors of studies: Stefanenko T.V., Smetankin L.I. 2. The list of participants of mail expediting section:
3. The list of informants:
Texts of songs:Blue at Roll eyes Donja-Razdunjasha To discuss a material at a forum of a site Keywords: Krasnolipje, inhabitants, village, mail expediting section, Polyanskaya, a grammar school ¹ 10, a history, Voronezh, a history of the Voronezh edge, ethnic mail expediting section, the Native land, Russian village Main | Abstracts, compositions, lectures | Psychiatry | Links
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