Main :: Abstracts :: Psychiatry :: Links
: Forum :: Guest book

Keywords: heart, cardiovascular system, physiopathology, ischemic illness of heart, an ischemic disease, a heart failure, cardiac edemas, an idiopathic hypertensia, a myocardium, a circulation, coronary failure

Physiopathology of a systemic circulation. Infringements of function of heart. A heart failure, its kinds, mechanisms of development

Key concepts

1. the Circulatory unefficiency- the functional state of cardiovascular system which are not providing a blood supply according to requirement of an organism in Oxygenium.
2. the Heart failure- downstroke of delivery (constriction) function of the myocardium, described by disability of system of a circulation to deliver to organs and tissues amount of a blood (Oxygenium) necessary for normal functioning according to requirement of an organism.
3. Ischemic illness of heart (ischaemia - to intercept, haima - a blood) - a dysfunction of heart, acute or chronic, arising owing to downstroke (absolute or relative) supply of a myocardium by an arterial blood. Such dysfunction is connected to pathological process in system of coronary arteries (CART) more often.
4. the Stenocardia (an armour. angina pectoris - an angina pectoris; steno - to press, narrow, throttle, kardia - heart) - the acute form of ischemic illness of the heart, arising owing to absolute or relative downstroke of supply of a myocardium by Oxygenium. A characteristic sign of a stenocardia - a pain behind a breast bone with an irradiation.
5. the Myocardial infarction (an armour. infarctus - filled, filled) - the stage of ischemic illness of heart at which the necrosis of a field of a muscle of heart koronarogennogo and nekoronarogennogo parentages educes, is characterized by downstroke of delivery function of heart.
6. the Asthma cardiac (asthma cardiale; asthma - serious short respiration, a dyspnea, kardia - cердце) - serious short respiration, a dyspnea caused by development of acute failure of the left departments of heart or an exacerbation of their chronic failure.
7. the Cardiogenic shock (kardia - heart; choc - impact) - complication of ischemic illness of the heart, accompanying with a pain set of symptoms, cardiac delicacy, sharp downstroke of a systolic pressure and development of acute cardiovascular failure.

Educational elements

I. A general etiology and a pathogeny of distresses of function of cardiovascular system

• - an etiology
• - the general mechanisms of development

II. A circulatory unefficiency, a general characteristic

• - forms: acute, chronic
• - the basic haemodynamic parameters
• - exhibitings

III. A heart failure, concept, forms, pathophysiological mechanisms of development

• - forms of a heart failure: miocardial, reloading, pericardiac, arrhythmic
• - pathophysiological mechanisms of a heart failure
• infringement of delivery (constriction) function of heart
• biopower failure
• electromechanical interdigitation

IV. The miocardial form of a heart failure, the cause and mechanisms of development: ischemic illness of heart, myocardites

V. Ischemic illness hearts (ischemic disease), concept, forms, stages, the causes

• - acute forms of an ischemic disease
• - a stenocardia (donekroticheskaja, an ischemic stage)
• pathophysiological mechanisms of formation of a pain set of symptoms
• - a myocardial infarction (a necrotic stage)
• infringement of a metabolism, electrogenic and constriction properties of a myocardium in region ischemias and outside of it
• - chronic forms of an ischemic disease - a cardiosclerosis
• - complications and outcomes

VI. Absolute coronary failure (koronarogennye mechanisms of an ischemic disease)

• - morphogenetic mechanisms
• - centrogenic mechanisms of a coronary spasm
• - reflex mechanisms of a coronary spasm

VII. Relative coronary failure (nekoronarogennye mechanisms of an ischemic disease)

• - metabolic mechanisms
• - haemodynamic mechanisms

VIII. The reloading form of a heart failure, the cause, mechanisms of development

• - an overload in volume of a blood in cardial cavities
• - an overload pressure in the big and small circle krovobrashchenija
• - mechanisms of urgent and long-term acclimatization of heart to overloads
• - a physiological and pathological hypertrophy of a myocardium

IX. The pericardiac form of a heart failure, the cause, mechanisms of development

• - infringement of function of heart at a pathology of a pericardium
• an acute cardiac tamponade

X. The arrhythmic form of a heart failure, the cause, mechanisms of development

• - arrhythmias at infringements of function of heart as the pathogenic factor of development of a heart failure
• - infringements of functions of heart: automatism, an excitability, conduction and sokratimosti, them elektrokardiograficheskie exhibitings

XI. The acute form a heart failure, concept, the causes, mechanisms of development

• - failure of the left departments of heart
• - a cardiac asthma
• respiratory failure
• - a cardiogenic shock
• a pain set of symptoms, sharp downstroke of a systolic pressure, cardiovascular failure

XII. The chronic form a heart failure, concept, the causes, mechanisms of development

• - the general distresses - a short wind, a cyanosis, edemas
• - haemodynamic

XIII. Compensator reactions of an organism at a heart failure

• - intracardiac (geterometrichesky, gomeometrichesky the mechanism)
• a hypertrophy of a myocardium, a dilatation, a tachycardia, augmentation of cardiac index
• - extracardiac
• augmentation of an external respiration, vascular tone, volume of a circulating blood, recycling of Oxygenium
• - principles of therapy of a heart failure

To discuss a material at a forum of a site

Keywords: heart, cardiovascular system, physiopathology, ischemic illness of heart, an ischemic disease, a heart failure, cardiac edemas, an idiopathic hypertensia, a myocardium, a circulation, coronary failure

Main | Abstracts, compositions, lectures | Psychiatry | Links
Forum | Guest book