| |
Keywords: digestion, a gastrointestinal path, physiopathology, nutrition, a stomach, an intestine, enzymes, a secretion, a gastritis, an adsorption of nutrition in a gastrointestinal tract
Physiopathology of digestion
Key concepts
- the Anorexia (anorexia; an + orexis - the desire is, appetite) - absence of appetite at presence of physiological requirement for the feeding, caused by infringements of activity of alimentary center.
- the Bulimia (bulimia; bus the bull + limos famine;) - pathological, sharply enlarged sense of famine.
- the Polyphagia (polyphagia; poli-+ phagein - to eat, eat) - cherezmernoe consumption of nutrition.
- the Heartburn (pyrosis) - sensation of a burning sensation behind a breast bone or in the epigastri? range, caused zabrasyvaniem stomachal contents in an esophagus.
- the Vomiting (vomitus, emesis) - consensual ejection of contents of a digestive tube through a mouth.
- Ahilija stomachal (achylia gastrica; and + chylos - juice; an apepsia) - a morbid condition at which the mucosa of a stomach does not excrete a free hydrochloric acid and enzymes.
- Diarrhea (diarrhoea) - uchashchennaja a defecation at which the feces has a fluid consistence.
- the Constipation (constipatio, obstipatio) - time-lapse, labored or regularly insufficient oporozhnenie an intestine.
Educational elements
I. A general etiology of distresses of an alimentary system
- a role of nutrition and a feeding
- pathogenic influence of smoking and abuse by alcohol
- value of humoral and neurogenic factors
II. Concept about failure of digestion
- infringement of processes of a secretion, a motility, an adsorption, an egestion, rezervuarnoj functions of a gastrointestinal path
III. Mechanisms of digestive disturbances
- the general mechanisms: corticovisceral, nervous - reflex, neurotrophical, humoral
- aboriginal (organolokalnye) mechanisms
IV. Kinds of digestive disturbances. Mechanisms of development, exhibiting
- giporeksija, an anorexia, parareksija, a bulimia, a polyphagia, a polydipsia, distresses of gustatory sensations, mechanisms of development
- infringements of digestion in an oral cavity
- distress of a mastication
- infringement of a salivation (a hyper-, a hypoptyalism)
- infringement of a swallowing
- infringement of functions of an esophagus
- distresses of functions of a stomach, an intestine, a pancreas
V. Digestive disturbances in a stomach. Mechanisms of development, exhibiting
- infringement rezervuarnoj functions of a stomach
- infringement of secretory function of a stomach
- infringement of a complex-reflex phase of a stomachal secretion (the atropinic test)
- infringement of a humoral phase of a stomachal secretion (the histaminic test)
- a dysfunction of APUD-SYSTEM (infringement of endocrine function of a stomach)
- a role digestivnyh Hormonums (Gastrinum, a secretin, an enteroanthelone, motilin, a somatostatin, vasoactive intestinalnyj a polypeptide, a pancreatic polypeptide)
- a hyper-, a hyposecretion, a spontaneous secretion
- a hyper-, hypo-, an anacid state
- enzymatic failure of a stomach
- ahilija a stomach
- phylums of a pathological stomachal secretion (asthenic, erethitic, brake, inert)
- connection of secretory and motor infringements
- infringement of motor function of a stomach (a hyper-, gipokineticheskie states)
- infringement vsasyvatelnoj functions of a stomach (a hyper-, a hypoactivity)
- infringements of evacuation of stomachal contents: an eructation, a heartburn, a nausea, a vomiting
- infringement of secretory function of a stomach
VI. Acute and chronic gastritises. An etiology and a pathogeny.
- a peptic ulcer and symptomatic stomach ulcers and 12-перстной intestines
- an etiology, a pathogeny, principles of treatment
- helikobakterioz, his value in development of gastritises and a peptic ulcer
VII. Digestive disturbances in an intestine. Mechanisms of development
- distresses of functions of a thin and thick intestine
- infringement of secretory function of an intestine
- infringement of a complex-reflex phase of an intestinal secretion
- infringement of a humoral phase of an intestinal secretion
- a dysfunction of APUD-SYSTEM, a role digestivnyh Hormonums (Gastrinum, a somatostatin, vasoactive intestinalnyj a polypeptide, a cholecystokinin - pancreozymin, motilin)
- a dyspepsia: fermentative, putrefactive, steatareja
- a digestive disturbance at pancreatic ahilii, acholias
- infringement of motor function of an intestine (a hyper-, a hypoactivity) - diarrheas, constipations
- an intestinal obstruction (mechanical, dynamic, gemostaticheskaja)
- infringements cavitary and pristenochnogo digestion
- infringement of an adsorption in an intestine
- infringement of barrier function of an intestine: an intestinal endointoxication, kolisepsis, dysbacterioses
VIII. Enteritises, colitises, symptomatic ulcers. An etiology, a pathogeny
- a sprue, a Gee's disease, an etiology, a pathogeny
IX. Infringement of secretory function of a pancreas; an acute and chronic pancreatitis. Mechanisms of development
X. Consequences of erasion of various departments of a gastrointestinal path: physiopathology of the operated stomach
- a dumping syndrome, mechanisms of development
XI. Functional linkages of various departments of an alimentary system in pathological conditions
- connection of infringements of digestion and a metabolism
XII. Kompensatorno-regenerative processes in system of digestion
XIII. Features of infringements of digestion at children
To discuss a material at a forum of a site
Keywords: digestion, a gastrointestinal path, physiopathology, nutrition, a stomach, an intestine, enzymes, a secretion, a gastritis, an adsorption of nutrition in a gastrointestinal tract
|
