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Keywords: a fever, a fervescence, pyrogens, pyrogenic reactions, mechanisms of rise in temperature, pathological physiology of a fever
PHYSIOPATHOLOGY of the FEVER.
Mechanisms of development, an etiology, stages, value of a fever
Key concepts
- the Fever (febris - to boil, burn, be hot) - sample pathological process of a fervescence in which basis neurohumoral mechanisms of rearrangement of a thermoregulation under influence of extreme irritants of a contagious and not contagious parentage lay. The basic pathophysiological exhibitings of a fever are - a fever (shiver), fever (fever), a diaphoresis (perspiration).
- Pyrogens (pyr - fever, fire, genesis - generating, effecting) - materials of the contagious and not contagious nature, capable to invoke a fever in an organism. High-molecular bonds which structure includes albuminous, carbohydrate and lipide components.
- the Termoregulation theory of a fever - the parentage of a fever is surveyed as rearrangement of neurohumoral mechanisms of a thermoregulation (mechanisms of a thermolysis and a heat production), accompanying by accumulation of heat in an organism.
Educational elements
I. A fever
- a general characteristic
- an etiology of a fever: contagious and not contagious fevers
- classification of pyrogenic factors (initial and secondary pyrogens)
- sources of formation endopirogenov
- the chemical nature of pyrogens
- mechanisms of action of pyrogens
- dependence of development of a fever on properties of the pyrogenic factor
II. Stages of a fever
- rise, standing, downstroke of a body temperature
- a thermoregulation at different stages of a fever
- phylums of feverish reactions
III. The cellular - metabolic mechanism of development of a fever
- formation endopirogenov (leukocytic pyrogens, interlejkin
I)
- change of metabolic processes in thermogenic tissues
- pirogenzavisimye metabolic mechanisms of formation of heat
IV. The reflex mechanism of development of a fever
- the pathophysiological characteristic of termoregulation jerks
- change of sensitivity of cold and thermal receptors
- change of a temperature threshold of exaltation of the central thermoreceptors of a forward hypothalamus (preopticheskoj ranges)
- value of peripheric receptors in rearrangement of a thermoregulation at a fever
V. The centrogenic mechanism of development of a fever
- a pyrogenic boring of integrative center of a thermoregulation (a back hypothalamus)
- direct and-or mediated (Prostaglandinums E1- tsAMF) action of pyrogens on not thermosensitive internuncial neurons of center of a thermoregulation
- value of a functional state of thermosensitive regions of a forward hypothalamus (preopticheskoj ranges) in rearrangement of a thermoregulation at a fever
VI. The humoral mechanism of development of a fever
- mediators and modulators of a fever
- Prostaglandinums E1- adenilattsiklaza and-or fosfodiesteraza - tsAMF
- catecholamins
- mechanisms of a stimulation of feverish process
- braking mechanisms of feverish process
VII. Change of physiological functions at a fever
- the central nervous system (CNS)
- endocrine system
- system of a circulation
- system of respiration
- system of a blood
- system of digestion
- infringement of function of nephroses
- physiological system of the immune answer
- change of function of sialadens and states of a mucous oral cavity at a fever
VIII. A pathology of a metabolism at a fever
- the basic exchange
- an albuminous exchange
- carbohydrate metabolism
- a lipometabolism
- water and elektrolitnyj an exchange
IX. A fever and a reactivity of an organism
- dependence of development of a fever on a reactivity of an organism
- a fever in phylogenesis
- a fever in an ontogenesis
- features of a fever at early age
X. Biological value of a fever
- protective - adaptive reactions of an organism at a fever
- pathological reactions of an organism at a fever
- pathophysiological principles of antipyretic therapy
- concept about a pyrotherapy
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Keywords: a fever, a fervescence, pyrogens, pyrogenic reactions, mechanisms of rise in temperature, pathological physiology of a fever
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