 Keywords: heterogeneity, frame, function, an acupuncture, a wave, a photon, the structured water, a heart rhythm, biologically active siteSTRUCTURALLY FUNCTIONAL HETEROGENEITY - THE BASIS OF VITAL ACTIVITY OF THE ORGANISMReznikov K.M. The irregularity and unpredictability are the important characteristics of health, and downstroke of variability and originating of strongly pronounced periodicity are causally connected to many diseases (1). This position yields the establishment seriously and in detail to consider some fundamental and applied aspects of the phenomenon of structurally functional heterogeneity, i.e. dissimilarity of a constitution, a metabolism and function in time and space, as bases of all adaptive reactions of an organism at action of environmental factors. Our perennial researches in this range (by the example of studying cardiovascular system) allow to state series of regulations about value of this phenomenon for more complete comprehension of processes of vital activity of an organism at a pathology and treatment. To Bykovym E.G. (2) it has been shown, that in cells of heart initially there is a non-uniformity of allocation of a glycogen and activity of respiratory enzymes which is conserved and during originating a myocardial infarction. He also emphasizes that fact, that departments of heart with a various level of constriction function have a various degree of heterogeneity of the maintenance of a glycogen in cardiomyocytes. In our laboratory also was essential non-uniformity of allocation of a glycogen at a level of a cell and a cellular layer is shown, and ultrastructural researches of cardiomyocytes have allowed to reveal time and regional dissimilarity of sarcomeres and their components (3). Heterogeneity of sarcomeres at a level of a cellular layer also fixed by us at research of sections of a myocardium in polarized light when dissimilarity of a luminescence of A-disks of sarcomeres is distinctly traced that testifies to presence of initial dissimilarity of a state kontraktilnogo the device of a cell. Other explorers express structural heterogeneity of cells both cellular layers (4, 5) also. Our elektronno-microscopic examinations have shown dissimilarity of a constitution of cells of heart and by way of a locating of cellular organellas: mitochondrions, elements sarcoplasmic retikuluma, the nuclear device, though fixed their orderliness (for example, mitochondrions: podsarkolemmalnye, interfibrillar, perinuclear) it is observed. Generalizing stated it is possible to conclude, that the alive organism including various organs, consisting of many tissues, and at a level of a cell determines dissimilarity of a constitution and allocation of its components that has important biological value. We do not exclude, that this phenomenon is necessary, in particular, for maintenance of continuity of functioning of a cell in conditions of constant process of self-procreation of its frames which in time is discrete. Metabolic heterogeneity that proves to be true dissimilarity of allocation of activity of enzymes both at a level of a cell, and at a level of a cellular layer (2, 3, 6, etc.) fixed also . Dissimilarity of enzymatic activity testifies and to dissimilarity of an orientation of metabolic processes, certainly in limens of the fixed physiological frameworks fixed by structural features of tissues. Primary structural - metabolic heterogeneity at action of external factors, for example, hypoxias (taking into account a polyhedral role of Oxygenium) (7) can change. If force and rate of choronomic stimulant are adequate to a state of accepting mechanisms also changes of heterogeneity adaptive character and if influence appears too potent in cells and tissues of change can go under other script will have. In case of the expressed hypoxia (either on force, or on rate, or on duration) we consider the following sequence of development of changes: Owing to metabolic heterogeneity in various fields of membranes exaltation will be unequal, ion fluxes will be irregular during a sarcolemma of each cell and change of concentration of loose endocellular calcium in range of different sarcomeres will be various because of what and the state aktomiozinovogo a complex will be unequal, i.e. sarcomeres, and at a level of a tissue, various cells will be pruned not simultaneously or with various rate and consequently there can be fields of rigor contractions or, on the contrary, giperdilatirovannost sarcomeres. Some authors (8) also suppose an opportunity of faster entering of calcium in miofilamenty in different fields of cells at a hypoxia that results to various on force and time to reductions of cells of heart. More the detailed researches (9) at a ultrastructural level have shown ours, that the state giperkontraktilnosti or giperdilatirovannosti sarcomeres is observed and in routine conditions, but the amount of rigor contractions in a cell does not exceed 3 whereas during procreation of a myocardial infarction their amount exceeds 8 and in this case the cell becomes nonviable (Rice).. The described changes of the constriction device were observed also by other authors at an experimental pathology of heart and at a biopsy at people (10,11, etc.). At the same time, deserves the special attention and a question on a role of infringement of formation of energy at originating a myocardial infarction since by us it is shown (3), that at such states amount ATF does not drop up to 0 and affinity of cytochrome oxydase to Oxygenium is so great, that the maximal speed of response is sustained even at very low concentrations of Oxygenium (12.) In functioning cells localization, the form and amount of the mitochondrions which are taking place in close connection with kontraktilnym by the device has the big value. In researches (3) it fixed, that besides infringement of a metastructure of these organellas, in realization of adaptive reactions change of localization and the form of mitochondrions can have the important role. In particular at a hypoxia, focal rising kontraktilnosti sarcomeres results in focal change of the form of mitochondrions: the area of their contact with myofibrils decreases, that can break essentially process of power transmission to the constriction device (13). Formation of a significant amount of rigor contractions results in replacement of mitochondrions from interfibrillar fields in podsarkolemmalnye spaces where the diverticulums filled with mitochondrions are formed, as a result of it there is a regional interdigitation between fields where energy and is replicated by fields where it should be used, i.e. The augmentation of regional heterogeneity is observed. Therefore, in spite of the fact that the amount of mitochondrions and their function essentially do not vary, power maintenance of reduction and plastic processes can be poor. It is necessary to emphasize also, that deenergizing from the constriction act of a part of sarcomeres results in change of information mutual relations between reductions of myofibrils and fluctuations of environments of nucleus of cells by consequence of that there can be an infringement of processes of a regulation of plastic maintenance of a cell. This implies, that medical influences should be directed not only on decrease of a hypoxia, but also by regeneration of such regulate processes which result in initial structurally functional heterogeneity. Thus, found by us at an ischemia of a myocardium of change stereoarhitektoniki cardiomyocytes, in a basis of that structural - metabolic dissimilarity (14) lays, of great importance not only for comprehension of mechanisms of development of pathological process in heart at an ischemia, but also for rational search of agents and means of their correction. The general consequence from this concrete fact can be a recognition of importance of research of the phenomenon of structural - metabolic heterogeneity in other function systems and at other states. Kapelko V.I. (15) considers, that in an early stage of a myocardial infarction coupling exaltation to reduction by virtue of change of an exchange of ions of calcium in a cardiac muscle is broken. Really, we in the observations (3) have established downstroke of constriction properties of heart at procreation of a myocardial infarction. Studying of mechanical activity of heart has shown, that this process is determined by decrease of rate of a release phenomenon. The same data have been received also by other authors (16, etc.) . Hence, irregular kontraktilnost sarcomeres, owing to non-uniformity of streams of ions of calcium, can be a basis of a heart rate variability. This phenomenon, i.e. a heart rate variability also is the fact confirming function heterogeneity of a myocardium. As Erie L.Goldbergera with co-authors follows from Baevskogo R.M.'s (17) works, and. (1) fluctuations of a cardiac rhythm are determined by influences of sympathetic and parasympatic nerves, frameing during time of the characteristic of geometrical fractal that testifies to a randomness of the mechanism of the manager of a cardiac rhythm (1). At the same time, research of change of dynamic lines of RR-intervals has allowed not only to establish opportunities of adaptive reactions of an organism, for example, at a physical strain (17) but also to supervise a state of regulate processes of cardiovascular system at series of morbid conditions and action of pharmaceuticals. Hence, in applied aspect the phenomenon of function heterogeneity can be a basis of search of new approaches to diagnostics donozologicheskih forms of diseases and to a monitoring of medical actions. It is necessary to emphasize also, that at presence of an opportunity of controlling of action of a drug at his each reception it will be possible is well-timed to variate not only a dose or a mean of his application, but also is well-timed to change with other medicinal agent or other medical influence. It is carried out by definition of the following characteristics of dynamic lines R-R of intervals: general variability, intrinsic interrelation, periodic frame. Now 4 methods of mathematical analysis of a heart rhythm are used. 1. The statistical analysis of a rithmogram on an electrocardiogram allows to calculate the basic statistical characteristics: à). Mathematical expectation (Ì), reflecting a center (integrated) level of functioning of cardiovascular system. Change of this parameter signals about augmentation of a load at system of a circulation. á). Center square deviation (d), indicating a cooperative effect of a regulation of a heart rhythm of vegetative nervous system. Decrease of this parameter testifies to predominance sympathetic, and his augmentation - parasympatic departments of nervous system. â). The coefficient of variation (V) in the physiological plan does not differ from the previous parameter, but he is standardized on frequency of cardiac reductions. ã). Coefficient of skewness (Às) reflects a degree statsionarnosti dynamic lines R-R of intervals, testifies to presence and an expressiveness of transient phenomenons, including trends. ä). The excess (Å) reflects rate of change of casual transient components of a rithmogram and in the greater measure characterizes local nestatsionarnosti, than presence of trends. The statistical analysis allows to judge the mechanisms providing an observable final effect of regulate influences, and characterizes dynamic series as casual process, but does not yield concept about intrinsic interrelation and periodic frame intervalogrammy. Therefore for studying the general alternativeness and the partition law of RR-intervals in researched series of their values the method variational pulsometrii is used. The following parameters in this case pay off: à). Fashion (Mo) - a range of the values most meeting R-R of intervals. It characterizes the most probable level of functioning of system of a circulation. At stationary processes coincides with mathematical expectation, at transitive - reflects a predominant level of functioning. á). Voltage of fashion (Amo) - number of the RR-intervals conforming to value (range) of a fashion, expressed in percentage. The parameter reflects effect of stabilizing influence of the central nervous system on a heart rhythm, basically of the sympathetic department of vegetative nervous system caused by influence. The more this parameter, the is stronger influence on heart of sympathetic nervous system. â). Variational scope (X) on the physiological significance at strictly stationary processes does not differ from center square deviation. He specifies maximal voltage of fluctuations of values of intervals which is substantially determined by influence of a vagus nerve. Derivants variational pulsometrii are the following parameters: ã). The index of a strain of the regulate systems (IN), reflecting cooperative activity of the central contour of control of a heart rhythm and the he is higher, the influence of the central contour is stronger. ä). The index of vegetative equilibrium (IVR) - specifies an interrelation between activity of sympathetic and parasympatic departments of vegetative nervous system. å). The parameter of adequacy of processes of regulation (PAPR) characterizes conformity between activity of a sympathetic department of a vegetative nervous system and a leading level of functioning of sinus unit. However variational pulsometrija characterizes mechanisms of regulate influence on sinus unit, but does not yield representation about intrinsic interrelation and periodic frame of dynamic lines of RR-intervals. For finding-out of intrinsic frame kardiointervalogrammy apply correlation analysis which characteristics are decay rate of autocorrelation function - it is determined on number of alterations up to the first negative value of a correlation coefficient (m) and values of quotient of autocorrelation after the first alteration (Ik). The physiological sense of these parameters consists in an evaluation of a degree and character of influence of the central contour on self-contained. Prisilnoj connections between these contours dnamichesky series of RR-intervals are more organized, avtokorrelogramma decay sluggishly, values of these parameters are higher. Fast initial droop avtokorrelogrammy with the sluggish subsequent decay testifies to presence of contradictory influences of a self-contained and central contour on a heart rhythm. For an evaluation of the hidden periodicity (" wave frame ") cardiac rhythm the method of a spectral analysis is used. At a spectral analysis 100 kardiotsiklov (as it is accepted) maximal duration of the revealed seasons does not exceed 40-50 sek., i.e. on the graph of a spectrum respiratory waves (DV) and sluggish first-order waves (ÌÂ-1) are determined only. Sluggish second-order waves with the seasons more than 30 sek., As a rule, are summarized with the trends caused by fluctuations more of low frequencies. At a spectral analysis excrete 3 parameters: vigor (usl. A unit) Respiratory waves (R dv), describing activity of a self-contained contour of a regulation of a cardiac rhythm; vigor of respiratory first-order waves (R ìâ-1) reflecting a state of subcortical nerve centers (intrasystem control, level Â); vigor of respiratory second-order waves (R ìâ-2) - describing activity of an intersystem level of control (level Á). On the establishment of the data of a spectral analysis 2 more parameters are calculated: 1. The index cent ralizatsii (ITS), showing as far as more potent is activity of the central contour in relation to self-contained (ITS it is enlarged at intensifying centralization of control by a heart rhythm). 2. An index of an activation of the subcortical nerve centers (IAP), indicating activity of an intrasystem level in relation to more high levels of a regulation of a heart rhythm (IAP it is enlarged at augmentation of activity of an intersystem level in comparison with intrasystem.) All these parameters are calculated by means of PEVM in real time that allows to correct quickly influence, according to the revealed changes. Use of this approach in experiment and clinic has allowed to receive to us many the new data on an opportunity of influence of some pharmacological agents (kardiotoniki, antianginalnye, antihypertensive, bronholitiki, etc. drugs) on regulate processes in an organism at various kinds of pathological process. It is known, that the system akupunkturnoj diagnostics allows to estimate a state of an organism from a position of his indissoluble integrity with environment, and the system akupunkturnyh points (BATH) is surveyed as biopower and information (18, 19), exercising fixed power connection with an external environment due to change of intensity and a direction elektro - and thermoexchange (18, 20). We modify the standard method of gauging of this or that characteristic BATH that consists in definition of a difference of potential or temperature between BATH or intact region skins on distance no more than 2 see. These parameters are recorded during fixed time and fluctuation of their size are exposed to mathematical processing, i.e. variability (heterogeneity) of a state BATH is researched. Numerous researches, for example, (21, 22, etc.) Confirm connection of points of a meridian (our interpreting BATH and meridians is given in (7)) with the system of organs conforming to it, that after carrying out of numerous researches has allowed us to develop a mean of an evaluation of action of pharmaceuticals (patent N 2119296, with a priority from 1994 ã) and to obtain the new data on action cardiovascular, bronholiticheskih, hormonal, etc. agents for regulate processes of an organism. Thus, research of a degree of change of structurally functional heterogeneity enables to obtain the new data on a state of an organism at a level of regulate systems, and the phenomenon can be a methodological basis of building of agents and means of diagnostics of the earliest changes of an organism at action of environmental factors. the List of the literature
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