 Keywords: consciousness, a subconscious mind, unconscious, preconsciousness, the information, a word, an idea, speech, physiologyPHYSIOLOGY OF CONSCIOUSNESSAbout that represents consciousness, the big variety of opinions expresses. It is possible to determine consciousness as subjectively experienced sequence of events, protivopostavljaemyh to unconscious processes. Frequently consciousness connect to awareness of the person that occurs to it or that he perceives. The philosophy surveys consciousness as set of some cognitive operations connected to subjective experience of the ideas, feelings, impressions and an opportunity to transfer their another with the help of speech, actions or products of creativity. It parts also P.V.Simonov who surveys consciousness as joint knowledge. The physiological precondition of consciousness is the wakefulness. During a wakefulness activity of the supreme centers amplifies also their threshold of exaltation is reduced. To this condition promotes aktivirujushchee action of a reticular formation of a brainstem. It agrees uslovnoreflektornoj theories Pavlova, signals are realized, when they get character of elements of the second alarm system, that is are expressed by a word. External stimulus not only are perceived, but the subject knows about the fact of this perception. The problem conscious and unconscious appeared in center of attention only due to Freud works. Freud concept though much in it now is rejected, still renders appreciable influence on modern scientific thinking, and it should be surveyed in appropriate prospect. Not realized processes of processing of the information, on which influence the subject does not give itself the report, it is accepted to carry to a category unconscious. Allocate three groups of display unconscious. The first group - dosoznatelnoe. It covers our biological requirements expressing in instinctive reflexes and congenital forms of behaviour (instincts), and also for genetically set properties of temperament. The second group unconscious - a subconscious mind. All concerns to it that has already been realized earlier and again can become realized in the certain conditions. These are the various automated skills, stereotypes of the automated behaviour. Not realized activators of activity concern to them (motives, semantic installations), norms of behaviour superseded from sphere of consciousness motivational conflicts deeply acquired by the person. During evolution the subconscious mind has arisen as an agent of protection of consciousness from superfluous work and intolerable loads. It protects the person from excessive power expenditure, protects from a stress. The third group of the unconscious phenomena is made with superconsciousness, or the intuition connected to processes of creativity which are not monitored by consciousness. Superconsciousness a source of the new information, hypotheses, opening. The superconsciousness is understood as the supreme stage of creative process. His neurophisiology basis - transformation of traces of memory and a birth from them new combinations, creation of new time connections, generation of analogies. We realize existence of our own mental processes. This imposed phenomenon also forms a basis of a self-consciousness. In connection with our sensations, actions and experiences we realize existence and unity of our person. There is a question: how this human ability to realize the mental processes connected to an environment has developed? As it was already marked, comprehension includes simultaneous reflection of events in the form of speech or idea (" internal speech "). Development of speech function simultaneously meant occurrence of consciousness. Tongue of primitive people was extremely concrete: each natural phenomenon referred to as the name. So, for example, there were different words for the rainy weather, clear weather and solar weather, and the abstract concept "weather" did not exist. In process of more and more differentiated labour activity and social development of this unconscious, terse, concrete, emotional speech our conscious, articulate, abstract and rational speech has developed. It is necessary to search for a physiological basis of generalization of secondary signals during an irradiation and generalizations of exaltation in a bark of the big brain. When we express the general qualities of environmental subjects, processes of abstraction result to that words become concepts. Concepts result from branch of essential properties and attitudes from insignificant. In a brain it occurs in the form of concentration of exaltation. Thus, the physiological basis of abstraction is an irradiation and concentration in cerebral neurones of again educated signals expressed in the verbal form. Ideas of the person can be surveyed as " internal speech ". The exaltation concerning the second alarm system, in this case arises, but it does not cause impellent reactions, i.e. the movements necessary for pronouncing of words. The consciousness, thus, is connected to the second alarm system. G.P.Grabovoj surveys consciousness of the person as an element of the world, in which all elements are interconnected, then change of consciousness of the person (or) attracts forms of reaction of object change of all other elements of the world, allows to receive knowledge of an environment and to optimize processes occuring in it. Advantage of consciousness that process can be traced literally continuously. The consciousness of the cell being pervoelementom of life, is inextricably related with material components, as provides harmonization of life at all levels of existence alive: morphological integrity of frames of an organism is determined by rate and full value of self-updating of cells; fastness of functioning of tissues is provided with optimum information interchange between cells; high-grade function of organs depends on an end result of work, in view of information influences of other organs; The homeostasis of all organism is determined by adequacy of an external signal and a condition of frames perceiving him. These levels are interconnected among themselves by stage-by-stage information interactions, the degree of orderliness and obobshchennosti which determines selectivity of functioning. 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